In a defensive setup, Bureau's forces built an artillery park out of range from Castillon's guns. The French army was commanded by committee however, it was Charles VII's ordnance officer, Jean Bureau who laid out the camp to maximize French artillery strength. Talbot acceded to the pleas of the town commanders, abandoning his original plan to wait for reinforcements at Bordeaux, and set out to relieve the garrison. The French laid siege to Castillon on July 8. Talbot received 3,000 additional reinforcements from his fourth and favorite son, Viscount Lisle. PreparationĬharles invaded Guyenne with three separate armies, all headed for Bordeaux. After this surprise, Charles VII prepared his forces over the winter, and by the spring of 1453 he was ready to counter-attack. The French knew an expedition was coming, but had expected it to come through Normandy. The English subsequently took control over most of Western Gascony by the end of the year. With the cooperation of the townspeople, Talbot easily took the city on October 23. A feared and famous military leader, Talbot was rumored to be seventy-five or eighty years old, but it is more likely that he was around sixty-six at the time. On 17 October 1452, John Talbot, Earl of Shrewsbury landed near Bordeaux with a force of 3,000 men. However, after three hundred years of Plantagenet rule, the citizens of Bordeaux considered themselves subjects of the English monarch and sent messengers to Henry VI of England demanding that he recapture the province. The English primarily focused on reinforcing their only remaining possession, Calais, and watching over the seas. This period from 1420 to 1453 is characterized by Anne Curry as the “wars of the Treaty of Troyes” for control of the crown of France.Īfter the 1451 French capture of Bordeaux by the armies of Charles VII, the Hundred Years' War appeared to be at an end. The breakdown of the 1420 Treaty of Troyes began the final stage of the Hundred Years' War. Thus, the conflict(s) can be examined from the vantage point of various stages. The term "Hundred Years' War" is misleading, as the fighting between the English and the French during the period of 1337 to 1453 was more a series of conflicts than a single prolonged war.
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